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Clover

Trifolium repens

Quick Definition

White clover is a low-growing perennial with three round leaflets and white ball-shaped flowers. It fixes nitrogen in the soil and stays green during drought. Whether it's a weed or a feature depends on your lawn goals.

Quick Facts

Type
Perennial broadleaf (legume)
Active Season
Spring through fall, semi-evergreen in mild winters
Spreads By
Stolons (surface runners) and seed
Growth Habit
Low creeping mat, 4 to 8 inches tall
Flowers
White to pinkish balls, late spring through fall
Soil Benefit
Fixes atmospheric nitrogen, reducing fertilizer needs
Drought Tolerance
High. Stays green when grass goes dormant.
Pollinator Value
High. Major nectar source for bees.

How to Identify Clover

White clover (Trifolium repens) grows low to the ground with three round leaflets per stem, often with a lighter V-shaped band on each leaf. It produces white to pinkish ball-shaped flowers from late spring through fall. The stems creep along the ground (stolons), rooting at nodes to form dense mats.

Clover stands out in a lawn because its leaves are distinctly different from grass blades. It stays green during drought when surrounding grass goes dormant, which often makes it more visible in summer.

Weed or Feature?

Clover is increasingly planted intentionally. It fixes nitrogen from the air into the soil (reducing fertilizer needs), stays green without irrigation, tolerates foot traffic, and supports pollinators. Some homeowners seed clover-grass mixes deliberately. Whether you treat it as a weed depends entirely on your lawn goals.

If you want a uniform grass lawn, clover is a weed that competes with turf. If you’re open to a mixed lawn or want to reduce fertilizer inputs, clover is a beneficial ground cover.

Commonly Confused With

PlantKey Difference
Oxalis (Wood Sorrel) Oxalis has heart-shaped leaflets that fold along the center line. Clover leaflets are round with no fold. Oxalis produces small yellow flowers, not white balls.
Black Medic Black medic has small yellow flower clusters and a tiny point (mucro) at the tip of each leaflet. Clover leaflets are rounded without a point.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is clover good or bad for a lawn?

It depends on your goals. Clover fixes nitrogen (free fertilizer), stays green in drought, tolerates traffic, and feeds pollinators. But it looks different from grass, goes dormant in winter in cold climates, and stains clothing. Many homeowners now plant it intentionally.

Does clover take over grass?

In lawns that are thin, nutrient-poor, or mowed short, clover will spread aggressively. In thick, well-fertilized lawns mowed at 3 inches, grass outcompetes it. Clover fills the gaps that struggling turf leaves open.

Will fertilizer kill clover?

Nitrogen-heavy fertilizer encourages grass growth, which can crowd out clover over time. Clover thrives in low-nitrogen soil because it makes its own. Increasing fertilization tips the competition toward grass.

Can I plant clover on purpose?

Yes. White clover and micro clover are commonly seeded as lawn alternatives or grass-clover mixes. Seed in early fall or spring at 2 to 4 ounces per 1,000 square feet. See our planting guide for details.

Clover Guides